Picture retrieved from http://pibhs.uams.edu/2006_workshop_image004.jpg
Suicide Map
Fred Tiencken
Wednesday, April 30, 2008
Wednesday, April 23, 2008
10 most common methods of suicide
Top 10 Common Methods of Suicide
10. Drowning
How it’s Done: Maybe a relationship tremor has caused you to rethink your life here on the planet, and the weight of it all has made you decide to drown yourself. Sometimes, driving or even convincing yourself to walk into a large body or water will do it, otherwise many perish in as little water as a slightly-filled bathtub.
Results From Failure: Oxygen deprivation can cause severe and permanent brain damage.
9. Electric Shock
How it’s Done: Sometimes the thought of continuing to live in a world inundated with problems and insurmountable issues results on one wanting to die by electric shock. Something as simple as jamming a utensil in a wall outlet, to the more notable dunking an appliance in an occupied bathtub, can result in death by electric shock.
Results From Failure: Deep burns from 500-1000 volts, ventricular fibrillation at 110-220 volts, and severe neurological damage.
8. Exsanguination
How it’s Done: Frequently the most obvious way to rapidly harm one’s self yet pass on relatively slowly, is to slit the wrists or the carotid, radial, ulnar, or femoral artery. Using a sharp implement is the easiest way to go. Razors or knives are popular. Contrary to popular belief, the effective method for this is not to cross the wrist, but to draw the blade up the forearm (as is evident in the photograph above). This is the same way Japanese perform Jigai (women) and Seppuku (men), although their’s is often for more spiritual purposes.
Results From Failure: Extreme loss of blood causing the heart to dramatically slow eventually depriving the brain of oxygen. Also, most often, deep scars and tissue damage.
7. Jumping
How it’s Done: Pondering the emptiness in one’s life can be a painful experience. Yet, when it all seems so overwhelming, you might decide to plummet from a significant height to your own death. Leaping from a building to the pavement below is quite lethal, and popular. However, romantics may choose to use a cliff over jagged rocks. Or bridges.
Results From Failure: Shattered femurs from impacting with water up to severe bodily harm from impacting with any solid surface.
6. Suffocation
How it’s Done: You’ve decided that your life is in disarray and you can no longer stand the pressure. One way to end it all is to encase your head in a plastic bag and asphyxiate yourself. Or, if you’re really ready to go, nitrogen or helium directly inhaled is useful.
Results From Failure: Turning back at the last minute before passing out can result in serious and long-lasting to permanent brain damage.
5. Carbon Monoxide Inhalation
How it’s Done: It’s all so difficult and the full weight of the world is seemingly square upon your shoulders. You’ve decided to go to the great beyond and you are going to lock yourself in a car, in a closed garage with the engine running and go to sleep. Or, if you have any appliance that puts of CO, that’ll do.
Results From Failure: CO molecules irreversibly attach themselves to human hemoglobin and the result is often fatal even if one backs out.
4. Poisoning
How it’s Done: Romeo and Juliet had it down when, once seeing the other presumably dead, the other fatally poisons himself. Taking a substance internally not meant to be done so can be considered poisoning: cleaners, industrial fluids, diazepam, cyanide, and the like.
Results From Failure: The toxic levels of poison required to kill one’s self are generally non-reversible. However, hospital staff can attempt it and often make one vomit or something similar. Lasting effects can include internal organ damage.
3. Hanging
How it’s Done: It’s all over. Nothing in life seems to make it worth living any more. You can acquire a length of rope and construct yourself a noose, which is, by the way, considered a deadly weapon if tied correctly. Once built, wrap one end securely around something high: a rafter or a ceiling fan, and leap, head fastened within the loop, from a chair. Or, if you’re short of rope, anything strong enough to support your weight from your neck can be employed.
Results From Failure: Brain damage from lack of oxygen, Often, failure to actually break your own neck may only yield strangulation and you can be saved, but damaged. Also, permanent rope burns or implement scarring can occur.
2. Drug / Alcohol Overdose
How it’s Done: The pressure and stress of daily routines has beaten you down for the final time. Within your medicine cabinet lies the answer to your extermination: prescription and over-the-counter meds. A huge mouthful can do you right in. Or, to speed along the process, couple your target pills with a few swigs of alcohol. Many of our favorite musicians have chosen this route. Even alcohol alone, in extreme excess can kill you.
Results From Failure: Severe to permanent organ failure if successful removal isn’t achieved, as well as impaired judgment. Often, clinical assistance is necessary if attempt is repeated.
1. Gun Shot
How it’s Done: One of the most often achieved forms of suicide is by gun shot. Generally a head shot is desired since its results are 99 percent effective, however a chest shot can be equally as devastating.
Results From Failure: Sometimes the blast isn’t enough to kill. In this case, severe to permanent bodily damage can occur as well as blood loss, organ and tissue damage, and brain damage.
listverse.comMiddle-aged suicide
Suicide on the rise for middle-aged Americans
Rates for adults ages 45-54 climbed to highest level in 25 years, CDC finds
ATLANTA - The suicide rate among middle-aged Americans has reached its highest point in at least 25 years, a new government report said Thursday.
The rate rose by about 20 percent between 1999 and 2004 for U.S. residents ages 45 through 54 — far outpacing increases among younger adults, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported.
In 2004, there were 16.6 completed suicides per 100,000 people in that age group. That’s the highest it’s been since the CDC started tracking such rates, around 1980. The previous high was 16.5, in 1982.
Experts said they don’t know why the suicide rates are rising so dramatically in that age group, but believe it is an unrecognized tragedy.
The general public and government prevention programs tend to focus on suicide among teenagers, and many suicide researchers concentrate on the elderly, said Mark Kaplan, a suicide researcher at Portland State University.
“The middle-aged are often overlooked. These statistics should serve as a wake-up call,” Kaplan said.
Roughly 32,000 suicides occur each year — a figure that’s been holding relatively steady, according to the Suicide Prevention Action Network, an advocacy group.
Highest for middle-aged women
Experts believe suicides are under-reported. But reported rates tend to be highest among those who are in their 40s and 50s and among those 85 and older, according to CDC data.
The female suicide rates are highest in middle age. The rate for males — who account for the majority of suicides — peak after retirement, said Dr. Alex Crosby, a CDC epidemiologist.
Researchers looked at death certificate information for 1999 through 2004. Overall, they found a 5.5 percent increase during that time in deaths from homicides, suicides, traffic collisions and other injury incidents.
www.msnbc.msn.com
Self Help Suicide Prevention Tips
- The following are some ways to help you cope with suicidal feelings: Tell your therapist, a friend, a family member, or someone else who can help.
- Distance yourself from any means of suicide. If you are thinking of taking an overdose, give your medicines to someone who can give them to you one day at a time.
- Remove any dangerous objects or weapons from your home.
- Avoid alcohol and other drugs of abuse.
- Avoid doing things you're likely to fail at or find difficult until you're feeling better.
- Know what your present limits are and don't try to go beyond them until you feel better.
- Set realistic goals for yourself and work at them slowly, one step at a time.
- Make a written schedule for yourself every day and stick to it no matter what. Set priorities for the things that need to be done first.
- Cross things out on your schedule as you finish them. A written schedule gives you a sense of predictability and control. Crossing out tasks as you complete them gives a feeling of accomplishment.
- In your daily schedule don't forget to schedule at least two 30-minute periods for activities which in the past have given you some pleasure such as: listening to music, playing a musical instrument, meditating doing relaxation exercises, doing needlework, reading a book or magazine, taking a warm bath, sewing, writing, shopping, playing games, watching your favorite DVD or video, gardening, playing with your pet, participating in a hobby, taking a drive or a walk.
- Take care of your physical health. Eat a well-balanced diet. Don't skip meals. Get as much sleep as you need, and go out for one or two 30-minute walks each day.
- Make sure you spend at least 30-minutes a day in the sun. Bright light is good for everyone with depression, not just people with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
- You may not feel very social but make yourself talk to other people. Whether you talk about your feelings or about any other topic, reducing your social isolation is likely to be helpful.
- Remember that while it may feel as if it will never end, depression is not a permanent condition.
Source: www.psycom.org
More Funding for Suicide Prevention
"The New York State Legislature has allocated $1,000,000 to the New York State Office of Mental Health for services and expenses to support a public awareness and education campaign which will be specifically focused on suicide prevention among young Latina and elderly Asian women."
Hopefully with enough donations like this we can save many more lives.
Source:Suicide Prevention Resource Center
(http://www.sprc.org)
Suicide Prevention Concert
Here Comes the Sun: A Concert for Youth Suicide Prevention
From the "Familes for Depression Awerness" website:
"Join us on Thursday, May 15, 2008, 7:00 pm at the Emerson Umbrella Theater for this exciting event featuring Beatlejuice, a Beatles cover band and a silent auction."
Here is a link to the concert's website.
Find out more and purchase your tickets today.
Source: Familes for Depression Awerness (www.familyaware.org)
From the "Familes for Depression Awerness" website:
"Join us on Thursday, May 15, 2008, 7:00 pm at the Emerson Umbrella Theater for this exciting event featuring Beatlejuice, a Beatles cover band and a silent auction."
Here is a link to the concert's website.
Find out more and purchase your tickets today.
Source: Familes for Depression Awerness (www.familyaware.org)
Causes of Suicide
Depression: Medical causes
Organic disorders: Various organic disorders and chronic illnesses produce mild, moderate, or severe depression. Among these are metabolic and endocrine disorders,such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and diabetes; infectious diseases, such as influenza, hepatitis, and encephalitis; degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and multi-infarct dementia; and neoplastic disorderssuch as cancer.
Psychiatric disorders: Affective disordersare typically characterized by abrupt mood swings from depression to elation (mania) or by prolonged episodes of either mood. In fact, severe depression may last for weeks. More moderate depression occurs in cyclothymic disordersand usually alternates with moderate mania. Moderate depression that's more or less constant over a 2-year period typically results from dysthymic disorders. Also, chronic anxiety disorders,such as panic and obsessive-compulsive disorder, may be accompanied by depression.
Other causes
Alcohol abuse: Long-term alcohol use, intoxication, or withdrawal commonly produces depression.
Drugs:Various drugs cause depression as an adverse effect. Among the more common are barbiturates; chemotherapeutic drugs, such as asparaginase; anticonvulsants, such as diazepam; and antiarrhythmics, such as disopyramide. Other depression-inducing drugs include centrally acting antihypertensives, such as reserpine (common in high dosages), methyldopa, and clonidine; beta-adrenergic blockers, such as propranolol; levodopa; indomethacin; cycloserine; corticosteroids; and hormonal contraceptives.
Postpartum period: Although the cause hasn't been proved, depression occurs in about 1 in every 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies and is characterized by various symptoms. Symptoms range from mild postpartum blues to an intense, suicidal, depressive psychosis.
Source: http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/suicide/causes.htm
Organic disorders: Various organic disorders and chronic illnesses produce mild, moderate, or severe depression. Among these are metabolic and endocrine disorders,such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and diabetes; infectious diseases, such as influenza, hepatitis, and encephalitis; degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and multi-infarct dementia; and neoplastic disorderssuch as cancer.
Psychiatric disorders: Affective disordersare typically characterized by abrupt mood swings from depression to elation (mania) or by prolonged episodes of either mood. In fact, severe depression may last for weeks. More moderate depression occurs in cyclothymic disordersand usually alternates with moderate mania. Moderate depression that's more or less constant over a 2-year period typically results from dysthymic disorders. Also, chronic anxiety disorders,such as panic and obsessive-compulsive disorder, may be accompanied by depression.
Other causes
Alcohol abuse: Long-term alcohol use, intoxication, or withdrawal commonly produces depression.
Drugs:Various drugs cause depression as an adverse effect. Among the more common are barbiturates; chemotherapeutic drugs, such as asparaginase; anticonvulsants, such as diazepam; and antiarrhythmics, such as disopyramide. Other depression-inducing drugs include centrally acting antihypertensives, such as reserpine (common in high dosages), methyldopa, and clonidine; beta-adrenergic blockers, such as propranolol; levodopa; indomethacin; cycloserine; corticosteroids; and hormonal contraceptives.
Postpartum period: Although the cause hasn't been proved, depression occurs in about 1 in every 2,000 to 3,000 pregnancies and is characterized by various symptoms. Symptoms range from mild postpartum blues to an intense, suicidal, depressive psychosis.
Source: http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/suicide/causes.htm
Sex and Age Suicide Statistics
Are women or men at higher risk?
Suicide was the eighth leading cause of death for males and the sixteenth leading cause of death for females in 2004.
Almost four times as many males as females die by suicide.
Firearms, suffocation, and poison are by far the most common methods of suicide, overall. However, men and women differ in the method used, as shown below.
Firearms:
Males - 57%
Females - 32%
Suffocation:
Males - 23%
Females - 20%
Poisoning:
Males - 13%
Females - 38%
Children ages 10 to 14 — 1.3 per 100,000
Adolescents ages 15 to 19 — 8.2 per 100,000
Young adults ages 20 to 24 — 12.5 per 100,000
Almost four times as many males as females ages 15 to 19 died by suicide.
More than six times as many males as females ages 20 to 24 died by suicide.
Are older adults at risk?
Firearms:
Males - 57%
Females - 32%
Suffocation:
Males - 23%
Females - 20%
Poisoning:
Males - 13%
Females - 38%
Is suicide common among children and young people?
In 2004, suicide was the third leading cause of death in each of the following age groups. Of every 100,000 young people in each age group, the following number died by suicide:
As in the general population, young people were much more likely to use firearms, suffocation, and poisoning than other methods of suicide, overall. However, while adolescents and young adults were more likely to use firearms than suffocation, children were dramatically more likely to use suffocation.
There were also gender differences in suicide among young people, as follows:
Are older adults at risk?
Older Americans are disproportionately likely to die by suicide.
- Of every 100,000 people ages 65 and older, 14.3 died by suicide in 2004. This figure is higher than the national average of 10.9 suicides per 100,000 people in the general population.
- Non-Hispanic white men age 85 or older had an even higher rate, with 17.8 suicide deaths per 100,000.
Source: Nation Institue of Mental Health (NIMH)
Risks Factors for Suicide
Risk Factors for Suicide
Psychiatric Disorders
At least 90 percent of people who kill themselves have a diagnosable and treatable psychiatric illnesses -- such as major depression, bipolar depression, or some other depressive illness, including:
Schizophrenia
Alcohol or drug abuse, particularly when combined with depression
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or some other anxiety disorder
Bulimia or anorexia nervousa
Personality disorders especially borderline or antisocial
Past History of Attempted Suicide
Between 20 and 50 percent of people who kill themselves had previously attempted suicide. Those who have made serious suicide attempts are at a much higher risk for actually taking their lives.
Genetic Predisposition
Family history of suicide, suicide attempts, depression or other psychiatric illness.
Neurotransmitters
A clear relationship has been demonstrated between low concentrations of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleactic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid and an increased incidence of attempted and completed suicide in psychiatric patients.
Impulsivity
Impulsive individuals are more apt to act on suicidal impulses.
Demographics
Sex: Males are three to five times more likely to commit suicide than females.
Age: Elderly Caucasian males have the highest suicide rates.
Suicide Crisis
A suicide crisis is a time-limited occurrence signaling immediate danger of suicide. Suicide risk, by contrast, is a broader term that includes the above factors such as age and sex, psychiatric diagnosis, past suicide attempts, and traits like impulsivity. The signs of crisis are:
Precipitating Event
A recent event that is particularly distressing such as loss of loved one or career failure. Sometimes the individuals own behavior precipitates the event: for example, a man's abusive behavior while drinking causes his wife to leave him.
Intense Affective State in Addition to Depression
Desperation (anguish plus urgency regarding need for relief), rage, psychic pain or inner tension, anxiety, guilt, hopelessness, acute sense of abandonment.
Changes in Behavior
Speech suggesting the individual is close to suicide. Such speech may be indirect. Be alert to such statements as, "My family would be better off without me." Sometimes those contemplating suicide talk as if they are saying goodbye or going away.
Actions ranging from buying a gun to suddenly putting one's affairs in order.
Deterioration in functioning at work or socially, increasing use of alcohol, other self-destructive behavior, loss of control, rage explosions.
Source: American Foundation of Suicide Prevention
Psychiatric Disorders
At least 90 percent of people who kill themselves have a diagnosable and treatable psychiatric illnesses -- such as major depression, bipolar depression, or some other depressive illness, including:
Schizophrenia
Alcohol or drug abuse, particularly when combined with depression
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or some other anxiety disorder
Bulimia or anorexia nervousa
Personality disorders especially borderline or antisocial
Past History of Attempted Suicide
Between 20 and 50 percent of people who kill themselves had previously attempted suicide. Those who have made serious suicide attempts are at a much higher risk for actually taking their lives.
Genetic Predisposition
Family history of suicide, suicide attempts, depression or other psychiatric illness.
Neurotransmitters
A clear relationship has been demonstrated between low concentrations of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleactic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid and an increased incidence of attempted and completed suicide in psychiatric patients.
Impulsivity
Impulsive individuals are more apt to act on suicidal impulses.
Demographics
Sex: Males are three to five times more likely to commit suicide than females.
Age: Elderly Caucasian males have the highest suicide rates.
Suicide Crisis
A suicide crisis is a time-limited occurrence signaling immediate danger of suicide. Suicide risk, by contrast, is a broader term that includes the above factors such as age and sex, psychiatric diagnosis, past suicide attempts, and traits like impulsivity. The signs of crisis are:
Precipitating Event
A recent event that is particularly distressing such as loss of loved one or career failure. Sometimes the individuals own behavior precipitates the event: for example, a man's abusive behavior while drinking causes his wife to leave him.
Intense Affective State in Addition to Depression
Desperation (anguish plus urgency regarding need for relief), rage, psychic pain or inner tension, anxiety, guilt, hopelessness, acute sense of abandonment.
Changes in Behavior
Speech suggesting the individual is close to suicide. Such speech may be indirect. Be alert to such statements as, "My family would be better off without me." Sometimes those contemplating suicide talk as if they are saying goodbye or going away.
Actions ranging from buying a gun to suddenly putting one's affairs in order.
Deterioration in functioning at work or socially, increasing use of alcohol, other self-destructive behavior, loss of control, rage explosions.
Source: American Foundation of Suicide Prevention
Suicide Rates by State
Facts and Figures
State Statistics
| Rank | State | Number of Suicides | Population | Rate |
| 1 | Montana | 206 | 934,737 | 22.0 |
| 2 | Nevada | 480 | 2,412,301 | 19.9 |
| 3 | Alaska | 131 | 663,253 | 19.7 |
| 4 | New Mexico | 342 | 1,925,985 | 17.7 |
| 4 | Wyoming | 90 | 508,798 | 17.7 |
| 6 | Colorado | 800 | 4,663,295 | 17.1 |
| 7 | Idaho | 278 | 1,429,367 | 16.0 |
| 8 | Arizona | 945 | 5,953,007 | 15.9 |
| 9 | South Dakota | 121 | 774,883 | 15.6 |
| 10 | Oregon | 560 | 3,638,871 | 15.4 |
| 11 | Oklahoma | 522 | 3,543,442 | 14.7 |
| 12 | North Dakota | 92 | 634,605 | 14.5 |
| 13 | Arkansas | 400 | 2,775,708 | 14.4 |
| 13 | Tennessee | 856 | 5,955,745 | 14.4 |
| 15 | Utah | 348 | 2,490,334 | 14.1 |
| 16 | West Virginia | 255 | 1,814,083 | 14,0 |
| 17 | Kentucky | 566 | 4,172,608 | 13.6 |
| 18 | Florida | 2,347 | 17,768,191 | 13.2 |
| 18 | Kansas | 362 | 2,748,172 | 13.2 |
| 18 | Maine | 175 | 1,318,220 | 13.2 |
| 21 | Washington | 822 | 6,291,899 | 13.1 |
| 22 | Missouri | 727 | 5,797,703 | 12.5 |
| 22 | Vermont | 78 | 622,387 | 12.5 |
| 24 | Mississippi | 363 | 2,908,496 | 12.4 |
| 24 | New Hampshire | 162 | 1,306,819 | 12.4 |
| 26 | South Carolina | 510 | 4,246,933 | 12.0 |
| 27 | Indiana | 745 | 6,266,019 | 11.9 |
| 28 | Alabama | 535 | 4,548,327 | 11.7 |
| 28 | Ohio | 1,319 | 11,470,685 | 11.7 |
| 30 | North Carolina | 1,009 | 8,672,459 | 11.6 |
| 30 | Wisconsin | 643 | 5,527,644 | 11.6 |
| 32 | Pennsylvania | 1,430 | 12,405,348 | 11.5 |
| 33 | Virginia | 866 | 7,564,327 | 11.4 |
| 34 | Iowa | 333 | 2,965,524 | 11.2 |
| 34 | Louisana | 505 | 4,507,331 | 11.2 |
| 36 | Michigan | 1,108 | 10,100,833 | 10.9 |
| 37 | Minnesota | 547 | 5,126,739 | 10.7 |
| 38 | Nebraska | 187 | 1,758,163 | 10.6 |
| 38 | Texas | 2,418 | 22,471,549 | 10.6 |
| 40 | Georgia | 924 | 9,132,553 | 10.2 |
| 41 | Delaware | 83 | 841,741 | 9.8 |
| 42 | California | 3,206 | 36,154,147 | 8.9 |
| 43 | Illinois | 1,086 | 12,765,427 | 8.5 |
| 44 | Connecticut | 295 | 3,500,701 | 8.4 |
| 44 | Hawaii | 107 | 1,273,278 | 8.4 |
| 44 | Maryland | 472 | 5,589,599 | 8.4 |
| 47 | Massachussetts | 480 | 6,433,367 | 7.5 |
| 48 | Rhode Island | 71 | 1,073,579 | 6.6 |
| 49 | New York | 1,189 | 19,315,721 | 6.2 |
| 50 | New Jersey | 536 | 8,703,150 | 6.1 |
| 51 | District of Columbia | 33 | 582,049 | 6.0 |
| Total | | 32,637 | 296,507,061 | 11.0 |
Figures from the National Center for Health Statistics for the year 2005.
All rates are per 100,000 population.
© 2008 American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. All rights reserved.
Woodbridge College Suicide Prevention Video
I came across this video on YouTube from film students at Woodbridge College about teen suicide. Please watch this and think about how this could have been one of your friends or even you at some point in your life.
-Dimitry
-Dimitry
Friday, April 18, 2008
Global suicide toll exceeds war and murder
Suicide kills more people each year than road traffic accidents in most European countries, the World Health Organization is warning. And globally, suicide takes more lives than murder and war put together, says the agency in a call for action.
The death toll from suicide – at almost one million people per year – accounts for half of all violent deaths worldwide, says the WHO. “Estimates suggest fatalities could rise to 1.5 million by 2020,” the agency warned on Wednesday.
"Suicide is a tragic global public health problem,” says Catherine Le Galès-Camus, WHO’s assistant director general for non-communicable diseases and mental health. “There is an urgent need for coordinated and intensified global action to prevent this needless toll."
The WHO is holding a meeting of experts in
"It's important to realize that suicide is preventable," points out Lars Mehlum, president of the International Association for Suicide Prevention. "And that having access to the means of suicide is both an important risk factor and determinant of suicide."
Muslim countries
The number of suicides in most European countries exceeds the number of annual traffic fatalities, says the WHO. In 2001, the global toll from suicide was greater than the 500,000 deaths from homicide and the 230,000 deaths from war combined.
And an estimated 10 to 20 million people survive failed suicide attempts each year, resulting in injury, hospitalization and trauma, says the agency. However, the ultimate extent of the problem is unknown as full reliable data is unavailable.
The highest suicide rates are found in Eastern Europe, says WHO, whereas people in
Suicide rates tend to increase with age but “there has recently been an alarming worldwide increase in suicidal behaviours amongst young people aged 15 to 25”, warns WHO. Men also successfully commit suicide more than women – with the exception of rural
Blister packs
The most common methods for committing suicide include swallowing pesticides, using firearms and overdosing on painkillers. Curbing access to these methods is a crucial factor in preventing suicide.
“One recent breakthrough was the move by many pharmaceutical companies to market painkillers in blister packs rather than more easily accessible bottles, which had a significant impact on their use as a suicide method,” says WHO.
High self-esteem and social “connectedness” can protect against suicide. Psychosocial interventions based on these and appropriate treatment of mental disorders has cut suicides among people at risk in countries such as the
NewScientist.com news service
Suicide a global issue:
In Sweden suicide is responsible for about 1,500 deaths each year. By way of comparison, approximately 600 persons are killed in traffic accidents yearly. Swedish women are likely to experience episodes of major depression twice as much as men. However, for suicide, male gender dominates. The rate among adolescents has increased markedly, and in the 15-44 age group suicide is the main cause of death. Depression is the most common experience in elderly suicide victims, while alcoholism is the most common diagnosis in the younger. Several professions have been noted as having suicide rates higher than would be expected. Surprisingly, female physicians are one example. But in general, higher rates of suicide are more frequent in occupations of lower prestige and salary.
Our national program for suicidal prevention is based on a national strategy developed by the Centre for Research and Prevention of Suicide and Mental Ill-Health (N.A.S.P.) in collaboration with the WHO, in Geneva, and has resulted in six regional networks.
Educational efforts are particularly aimed at psychiatrists, psychotherapists, psychologists and social workers, and general practitioners. There are guidelines available for suicide prevention in schools. A great deal of emphasis has been put on education, especially at the primary care level, and by removing barriers to treatment and increasing access to help. A successful project from the province of Gotland exemplifies this, but such efforts have to be ongoing.
Even if much of the function is interdisciplinary with an integrated approach, organisations like the Churches in Sweden have not been involved more than on a voluntary basis. However, this has resulted in several crisis telephone hotlines aimed at different groups - children, students, adults for example, but much more needs to be done.
www.catholicdoctors.org.uk
Wednesday, April 16, 2008
Bullying And Teen Suicide Have Now Become Synonymous
Suicide committed by child or young person is one of the biggest tragedies. However, it always happens and one of the most common causes why children commit suicide is bullying as it is described by Mandy-Jane Clarke in following article:
Teen suicide is a pandemic in this country. Bullying and teen suicide have now become synonymous. In researching bullying and suicide, there seems to be a new catchword that has become part of the growing trend of bullying in schools. It’s called bullycide, which is “suicide caused by bullying and depression.”
In her article “Bullied to Death,” JoLynn Carney wrote, “victims of chronic peer abuse run an increased risk of suicidal behavior. “ She continues, “Many adolescents face being potential victims of violence in their communities, schools and homes on a daily basis. For some young people, those external threats create a hopelessness and depression that can lead to suicidal thoughts or actions.” You can read more about this at http://www.rps.psu.edu/bullies/index.html, wherein Melissa Beattie-Moss writes a fascinating article entitled, “Fighting Back: Bullying is an epidemic in American schools—but it can be prevented.”
The evidence to support Dr. Carney’s theory is evident in the recent West Virginia tragedy. The young man was bullied as a kid, and went on to exact his revenge on innocent students. While this is an extreme case, it is nonetheless a by-product of teen depression. Moreover, imagine a kid who is new to a school, a bit shy, appears physically weak, and is consistently victimized by teen bullies. This abuse causes isolation, alienation and teen depression, which may inevitably result in suicide.
More importantly, if a student has low self-esteem to begin with, and is constantly barraged by bullies who reinforce his low self-worth, he then becomes a prime candidate for bullying suicide. Consider this statistic: 86% of kids who were picked on or bullied turned to violence in the schools. However, it should be noted that some of the violence is turned inward, thus creating bullying suicide.
Furthermore, recent statistics assert that over 280,000 kids are physically attacked in secondary schools each month. If a teen in middle school is among the victims of these insidious attacks, and there is no recourse either through official channels or through counseling, it seems reasonable to assume that this child will go through all of the phases of teen depression - and ultimately commit the final act which will end the violence perpetrated on him or her.
Bullying and teen suicide have officially been linked, and it is more important than ever to find a solution to this ever-growing problem. Although teen depression has hit an all-time high, couple it with bullying and you have the makings of an inner-time-bomb that will eventually go off. Bullying suicide, or bullycide as it is now called, is a frightening consequence. Unless and until programs are instituted to address the seriousness and potential life-threatening bullying that is prevalent in most schools today, the teen suicide rate will undoubtedly increase.
This article is courtesy of http://www.Stop-Bullies.com Stop-Bullies.com is a resource site covering specific areas of bullying including Bullying And Teen Suicide - Bullycide
Source: http://stop-bullies.com/teen-bullying/Bullying-And-Teen-Suicide-Have-Now-Become-Synonymous.html
Teen suicide is a pandemic in this country. Bullying and teen suicide have now become synonymous. In researching bullying and suicide, there seems to be a new catchword that has become part of the growing trend of bullying in schools. It’s called bullycide, which is “suicide caused by bullying and depression.”
In her article “Bullied to Death,” JoLynn Carney wrote, “victims of chronic peer abuse run an increased risk of suicidal behavior. “ She continues, “Many adolescents face being potential victims of violence in their communities, schools and homes on a daily basis. For some young people, those external threats create a hopelessness and depression that can lead to suicidal thoughts or actions.” You can read more about this at http://www.rps.psu.edu/bullies/index.html, wherein Melissa Beattie-Moss writes a fascinating article entitled, “Fighting Back: Bullying is an epidemic in American schools—but it can be prevented.”
The evidence to support Dr. Carney’s theory is evident in the recent West Virginia tragedy. The young man was bullied as a kid, and went on to exact his revenge on innocent students. While this is an extreme case, it is nonetheless a by-product of teen depression. Moreover, imagine a kid who is new to a school, a bit shy, appears physically weak, and is consistently victimized by teen bullies. This abuse causes isolation, alienation and teen depression, which may inevitably result in suicide.
More importantly, if a student has low self-esteem to begin with, and is constantly barraged by bullies who reinforce his low self-worth, he then becomes a prime candidate for bullying suicide. Consider this statistic: 86% of kids who were picked on or bullied turned to violence in the schools. However, it should be noted that some of the violence is turned inward, thus creating bullying suicide.
Furthermore, recent statistics assert that over 280,000 kids are physically attacked in secondary schools each month. If a teen in middle school is among the victims of these insidious attacks, and there is no recourse either through official channels or through counseling, it seems reasonable to assume that this child will go through all of the phases of teen depression - and ultimately commit the final act which will end the violence perpetrated on him or her.
Bullying and teen suicide have officially been linked, and it is more important than ever to find a solution to this ever-growing problem. Although teen depression has hit an all-time high, couple it with bullying and you have the makings of an inner-time-bomb that will eventually go off. Bullying suicide, or bullycide as it is now called, is a frightening consequence. Unless and until programs are instituted to address the seriousness and potential life-threatening bullying that is prevalent in most schools today, the teen suicide rate will undoubtedly increase.
This article is courtesy of http://www.Stop-Bullies.com Stop-Bullies.com is a resource site covering specific areas of bullying including Bullying And Teen Suicide - Bullycide
Source: http://stop-bullies.com/teen-bullying/Bullying-And-Teen-Suicide-Have-Now-Become-Synonymous.html
Tuesday, April 15, 2008
Are You Depressed?
There is a strong link between depression and Suicide. So I find it important to take a look at this checklist and see if you might be depressed. Keep in mind that it is absolutely normal to feel like these symptoms from time to time however, experiencing them more than 3 times a week might be a sign of depression these are:
I feel sad.
I feel like crying a lot.
I'm bored.
I feel alone.
I don't really feel sad, just "empty".
I don't have confidence in myself.
I don't like myself.
I often feel scared, but I don't know why.
I feel mad, like I could just explode!
I feel guilty.
I can't concentrate.
I have a hard time remembering things.
I don't want to make decisions - it's too much work.
I feel like I'm in a fog.
I'm so tired, no matter how much I sleep.
I'm frustrated with everything and everybody.
I don’t have fun anymore.
I feel helpless.
I'm always getting into trouble.
I'm restless and jittery. I can’t sit still.
I feel nervous.
I feel disorganized, like my head is spinning.
I feel self-conscious.
I can't think straight. My brain doesn't seem to work.
I feel ugly.
I don’t feel like talking anymore - I just don’t have anything to say.
I feel my life has no direction.
I feel life isn’t worth living.
I consume alcohol/take drugs regularly.
My whole body feels slowed down - my speech, my walk, and my movements.
I don't want to go out with friends anymore.
I don't feel like taking care of my appearance.
Occasionally, my heart pounds, I can't catch my breath, and I feel tingly.
My vision feels strange and I feel I might pass out. The feeling passes in seconds, but I'm afraid it will happen again.
Sometimes I feel like I'm losing it.
I feel "different" from everyone else.
I smile, but inside I'm miserable.
I have difficulty falling asleep or I awaken between 1 A.M. and 5 A.M. and then I can't get back to sleep.
My appetite has diminished - food tastes so bland.
My appetite has increased - I feel I could eat all the time.
My weight has increased/decreased.
I have headaches.
I have stomachaches.
My arms and legs hurt.
I feel nauseous.
I'm dizzy.
Sometimes my vision seems blurred or slow.
I'm clumsy.
My neck hurts.
This checklist was retrieved from save.org
I feel sad.
I feel like crying a lot.
I'm bored.
I feel alone.
I don't really feel sad, just "empty".
I don't have confidence in myself.
I don't like myself.
I often feel scared, but I don't know why.
I feel mad, like I could just explode!
I feel guilty.
I can't concentrate.
I have a hard time remembering things.
I don't want to make decisions - it's too much work.
I feel like I'm in a fog.
I'm so tired, no matter how much I sleep.
I'm frustrated with everything and everybody.
I don’t have fun anymore.
I feel helpless.
I'm always getting into trouble.
I'm restless and jittery. I can’t sit still.
I feel nervous.
I feel disorganized, like my head is spinning.
I feel self-conscious.
I can't think straight. My brain doesn't seem to work.
I feel ugly.
I don’t feel like talking anymore - I just don’t have anything to say.
I feel my life has no direction.
I feel life isn’t worth living.
I consume alcohol/take drugs regularly.
My whole body feels slowed down - my speech, my walk, and my movements.
I don't want to go out with friends anymore.
I don't feel like taking care of my appearance.
Occasionally, my heart pounds, I can't catch my breath, and I feel tingly.
My vision feels strange and I feel I might pass out. The feeling passes in seconds, but I'm afraid it will happen again.
Sometimes I feel like I'm losing it.
I feel "different" from everyone else.
I smile, but inside I'm miserable.
I have difficulty falling asleep or I awaken between 1 A.M. and 5 A.M. and then I can't get back to sleep.
My appetite has diminished - food tastes so bland.
My appetite has increased - I feel I could eat all the time.
My weight has increased/decreased.
I have headaches.
I have stomachaches.
My arms and legs hurt.
I feel nauseous.
I'm dizzy.
Sometimes my vision seems blurred or slow.
I'm clumsy.
My neck hurts.
This checklist was retrieved from save.org
Suicide Facts
Here are some Suicide Facts that I retrieved from save.org
Suicide takes the lives of nearly 30,000 Americans every year.
Many who attempt suicide never seek professional care.
There are twice as many deaths due to suicide than HIV/AIDS.
Between 1952 and 1995, suicide in young adults nearly tripled.
Over half of all suicides occur in adult men, ages 25-65.
In the month prior to their suicide, 75% of elderly persons had visited a physician.
Suicide rates in the United States are highest in the spring.
Over half of all suicides are committed with a firearm.
For young people 15-24 years old, suicide is the third leading cause of death.
Suicide rates among the elderly are highest for those who are divorced or widowed.
80% of people that seek treatment for depression are treated successfully.
15% of those who are clinically depressed die by suicide.
There are an estimated 8 to 25 attempted suicides to 1 completion.
The highest suicide rate is among men over 85 years old: 65 per 100,000 persons.
1 in 65,000 children ages 10 to 14 commit suicide each year.
Substance abuse is a risk factor for suicide.
Exposure to suicidal behavior of others, including in fiction, is a risk factor for suicide.
The strongest risk factor for suicide is depression.
Suicide takes the lives of nearly 30,000 Americans every year.
Many who attempt suicide never seek professional care.
There are twice as many deaths due to suicide than HIV/AIDS.
Between 1952 and 1995, suicide in young adults nearly tripled.
Over half of all suicides occur in adult men, ages 25-65.
In the month prior to their suicide, 75% of elderly persons had visited a physician.
Suicide rates in the United States are highest in the spring.
Over half of all suicides are committed with a firearm.
For young people 15-24 years old, suicide is the third leading cause of death.
Suicide rates among the elderly are highest for those who are divorced or widowed.
80% of people that seek treatment for depression are treated successfully.
15% of those who are clinically depressed die by suicide.
There are an estimated 8 to 25 attempted suicides to 1 completion.
The highest suicide rate is among men over 85 years old: 65 per 100,000 persons.
1 in 65,000 children ages 10 to 14 commit suicide each year.
Substance abuse is a risk factor for suicide.
Exposure to suicidal behavior of others, including in fiction, is a risk factor for suicide.
The strongest risk factor for suicide is depression.
Monday, April 14, 2008
Suicide Prevention
More than 30,000 people in the United States die by suicide every year. It is this country's 11th leading cause of death, and the third leading cause of death among people ages 15-24. Suicide is not about wanting to die, but about a powerful need for pain to end. People choose suicide because they feel unable to cope with feelings of pain, hopelessness, helplessness, isolation, and uncertainties.
Studies indicate that the best way to prevent suicide is through the early recognition and treatment of depression and other psychiatric illnesses that lead to suicidal tendencies. Because people who want to die by suicide almost always suffer from isolation and loneliness, you can help them simply by reaching out, listening, and letting them know you care. Often, with time and the help of others, suicidal feelings do pass. Suicide is a permanent "solution" to what is most likely a temporary problem.
The more you know about suicide, the better you will be able to help someone struggling with these issues. Use the resources on this page (link bellow)to learn more about the warning signs of suicide, and what you can do to help promote suicide awareness and prevention.
For more information about how to make a donation or how to become a volunteer, visit following website (source of this article): http://www.networkforgood.org/topics/health/suicide/
Studies indicate that the best way to prevent suicide is through the early recognition and treatment of depression and other psychiatric illnesses that lead to suicidal tendencies. Because people who want to die by suicide almost always suffer from isolation and loneliness, you can help them simply by reaching out, listening, and letting them know you care. Often, with time and the help of others, suicidal feelings do pass. Suicide is a permanent "solution" to what is most likely a temporary problem.
The more you know about suicide, the better you will be able to help someone struggling with these issues. Use the resources on this page (link bellow)to learn more about the warning signs of suicide, and what you can do to help promote suicide awareness and prevention.
For more information about how to make a donation or how to become a volunteer, visit following website (source of this article): http://www.networkforgood.org/topics/health/suicide/
Sunday, April 13, 2008
Suicidal Prevention: Warning Signs
It is estimated that three fourth of people who either try to or who actually commit suicide show clear warning sign of their intent. Is it possible to detect that someone is thinking of taking off his or her life? What are the major warning signs?
According to Geo Stone in “Suicide and Attempted Suicide”, the most common warning signs are as follows:
“1/ A previous suicide attempt. Between 20 – 80 percent of suicides (studies vary wildly) have made one or more prior attempts. Whatever the actual number, this is the single most significant flag.
2/ A major change in behavior or personality. A normally cheerful person may become quiet and withdrawn, and stop formerly- pleasurable activities. Insomnia, or more often an excess of sleep, may be seen. Giving away prized possessions is sometimes a sign that a decision for suicide has been made. However, in all of these and other changes, alternative reasons for the behavior are entirely possible.
3/ Reckless behavior. “I don’t care” or “leave it to chance” actions are close to out-and-out suicidal behavior. An example of this is “Russian roulette”.
4/ Severe depression. Some of the components of depression are hopelessness, inability to concentrate, sleep disturbances, feelings of worthlessness, loneliness, and sadness. Such a person might say things like, “You would be better off without me,” or “Everything I touch turns into ashes.” However, some people are so depressed that they don’t have the energy to kill themselves. These folks are actually at higher risk when there just starting to feel a little better.
5/ Talking, or dropping clues, about committing suicide. This is usually an indirect, but unmistakable, plea for help, and shouldn’t be ignored. Adolescents, in particular, generally place high value on independence, privacy, and self-reliance. If they’re asking for help, they are probably in serious pain.”
More information on Suicide Facts, Risk Factors, Intervention In Suicide and others can be found in “Suicide and Attempted Suicide” by Geo Stone
According to Geo Stone in “Suicide and Attempted Suicide”, the most common warning signs are as follows:
“1/ A previous suicide attempt. Between 20 – 80 percent of suicides (studies vary wildly) have made one or more prior attempts. Whatever the actual number, this is the single most significant flag.
2/ A major change in behavior or personality. A normally cheerful person may become quiet and withdrawn, and stop formerly- pleasurable activities. Insomnia, or more often an excess of sleep, may be seen. Giving away prized possessions is sometimes a sign that a decision for suicide has been made. However, in all of these and other changes, alternative reasons for the behavior are entirely possible.
3/ Reckless behavior. “I don’t care” or “leave it to chance” actions are close to out-and-out suicidal behavior. An example of this is “Russian roulette”.
4/ Severe depression. Some of the components of depression are hopelessness, inability to concentrate, sleep disturbances, feelings of worthlessness, loneliness, and sadness. Such a person might say things like, “You would be better off without me,” or “Everything I touch turns into ashes.” However, some people are so depressed that they don’t have the energy to kill themselves. These folks are actually at higher risk when there just starting to feel a little better.
5/ Talking, or dropping clues, about committing suicide. This is usually an indirect, but unmistakable, plea for help, and shouldn’t be ignored. Adolescents, in particular, generally place high value on independence, privacy, and self-reliance. If they’re asking for help, they are probably in serious pain.”
More information on Suicide Facts, Risk Factors, Intervention In Suicide and others can be found in “Suicide and Attempted Suicide” by Geo Stone
Thursday, April 10, 2008
Suicide Horror Stories
Many times when people attempt suicide, they are actually unsuccessful in their attempt. Unfortunately, they end up severely injured and have to live disfigured. I got some stories like this from a Non-Profit Organization's website http://www.suicide.org/index.html Here are some of those stories:
Amber jumped off of a cliff. She lived, but broke her back (and many other bones). And now she is paralyzed from the waist down and confined to a wheelchair. She lives with her mother.
Martin shot himself in the head with a revolver. He survived, but suffered extensive brain damage. He is in a care facility.
Steven tried to hang himself. He survived, but suffered extensive brain damage. His mother and father now care for him.
Donna thought that taking an overdose of pills would be a peaceful and surefire way to end her life. She took the overdose, but she did not die. Her mother found her lying unconscious on the floor. Donna lapsed into a coma. She eventually came out of her coma, but suffered internal organ damage and brain damage. She is in a care facility.
James shot himself in the abdomen. He did not die, but he suffered massive injuries and lost a kidney.
Elizabeth jumped from a bridge. She landed on a rock and broke her back (and many other bones). She survived, but is paralyzed from the neck down and is in a care facility.
Charles cut his wrists. He survived but severed a tendon and damaged several nerves in his left arm. He has never regained full use of his left hand.
Roger thought a shotgun would blow his head clean off so he would die instantly. He placed the back of the gun on the ground and pulled the trigger. He lived. The gun moved as he was pulling the trigger and his brain was not touched, but the tremendous muzzle blast destroyed his face--everything just below his eyes was gone, including his mouth, chin, nose, and cheeks. After innumerable surgeries, Roger still lives with horrible disfigurement.
Amber jumped off of a cliff. She lived, but broke her back (and many other bones). And now she is paralyzed from the waist down and confined to a wheelchair. She lives with her mother.
Martin shot himself in the head with a revolver. He survived, but suffered extensive brain damage. He is in a care facility.
Steven tried to hang himself. He survived, but suffered extensive brain damage. His mother and father now care for him.
Donna thought that taking an overdose of pills would be a peaceful and surefire way to end her life. She took the overdose, but she did not die. Her mother found her lying unconscious on the floor. Donna lapsed into a coma. She eventually came out of her coma, but suffered internal organ damage and brain damage. She is in a care facility.
James shot himself in the abdomen. He did not die, but he suffered massive injuries and lost a kidney.
Elizabeth jumped from a bridge. She landed on a rock and broke her back (and many other bones). She survived, but is paralyzed from the neck down and is in a care facility.
Charles cut his wrists. He survived but severed a tendon and damaged several nerves in his left arm. He has never regained full use of his left hand.
Roger thought a shotgun would blow his head clean off so he would die instantly. He placed the back of the gun on the ground and pulled the trigger. He lived. The gun moved as he was pulling the trigger and his brain was not touched, but the tremendous muzzle blast destroyed his face--everything just below his eyes was gone, including his mouth, chin, nose, and cheeks. After innumerable surgeries, Roger still lives with horrible disfigurement.
Wednesday, April 9, 2008
The Ten Happiest Countries in the World !
1. Denmark
With a high standard of living, negligible poverty, and a broad range of public and social services, it's easy to see why Denmark tops the happiness map. There's a high level of education; public schools are top-quality and private ones are affordable. The low population gives the nation a strong sense of identity. And Denmark's physical beauty forms a great backdrop to daily life. The weather is a bit tough, though.
2. Switzerland
Smack in the middle of Europe and surrounded by picture-postcard scenery, Switzerland ranks second among the world's happiest countries. It has a low crime rate, good infrastructure, and a wealth of outdoor activities, from skiing in the Alps to boating on Lake Geneva. Home to the International Red Cross, the World Health Organization, and parts of the U.N., it's not surprising that the Swiss devote a large portion of private and public money to health care — spending an average of $3,445 per person. It's pretty peaceful, too: years of political neutrality have sheltered the Swiss from the conflicts of their neighbors.
3. Austria
Another Alpine hotbed of happiness, Austria also boasts beautiful scenery and a surprisingly rich cultural scene. Like many of the world's happiest countries, it boasts a strong health-care system, as evidenced by the long average life expectancy of its citizens. Strict environmental regulations are starting to pay dividends, says Oskar Hinteregger, of the Austrian National Tourist Office. He credits the country's happy mood to its relaxed atmosphere, efficient public transport system, and general cleanliness. Austria does have some poverty, though: nearly 6%
4. Iceland
There's more to Iceland than hot springs and Björk. The tiny country's extensive welfare system plays a big part in its citizens' happiness. The Icelandic government offers a broad range of services, such as generous housing subsidies, and with very little poverty, wealth is evenly distributed among Icelandic society. Literacy is high and unemployment, at 2.1%, is low.
5. The Bahamas
Bahamanians know how to enjoy life. “Maybe it's our 'Bahama Mamas,' our sweet sea breeze, our conch salad, and fun loving people,” suggests Kendenique Campbell-Moss, a senior executive at the Bahamas Tourism Ministry. Although the poverty rate, at 9.3%, is relatively high, the beautiful weather and laid-back lifestyle keep Bahamas' citizens smiling. Campbell-Moss also reckons the fusion of African and European cultures, strong family values, and Christianity contribute to the happy vibe in the Caribbean country.
6. Finland
It's dark and cold in the winter and has some of the highest taxes in Europe. But that doesn't get in the way of Finns' overall happiness. High quality medical care — at little to no cost — contributes to the country's high average life expectancy. The country's free educational system is one of the best, resulting in a 100% literacy rate. Poverty is rare; so too, is extreme wealth. “Our beloved government makes sure that taxes are high enough to prevent easy ways to riches,” says Jaakko Lehtonen, director-general of the Finnish Tourism Board. “Finns think a good salary is two cents higher than your neighbor's; it's enough to make you feel wealthy and subsequently, happy,” he says.
7. Sweden
Taxes are high and the winter is trying. But social equality, one of the best welfare systems in Europe, and a great work/life balance keep Swedes smiling. Parents get extensive maternity and paternity leave, and child care is heavily subsidized and available to all. Sweden also has unusually transparent government and a strong emphasis on ensuring the freedom and equality of its people. “Ordinary citizens in Sweden have the right to see the prime minister's official mail, and they often exercise that right,” notes Susanna Wallgren, of the Swedish Tourism Board.
8. Bhutan
Here's a surprise: The small Asian nation of Bhutan ranks eighth in the world, despite relatively low life expectancy, a literacy rate of just 47%, and a very low GDP per capita. Why? Researchers credit an unusually strong sense of national identity. Plus, the country has beautiful scenery and a largely unspoiled culture, thanks to strict governmental limits on tourism, development, and immigration. Pretty counterintuitive, but Bhutan seems to have found a recipe for happiness.
9. Brunei
It helps to have oil. Wealthy and politically stable, Brunei's government plays a major role in its citizens' happiness. The same family has ruled the Southeast Asian nation for more than six centuries, providing free medical services and education. Even university-level education is paid for by the government, which also subsidizes rice and housing. That ensures virtually nonexistent poverty.
10. Canada
Canada may sometimes feel overshadowed by its giant neighbor to the south, but a strong sense of national identity and abundant natural beauty help make the sprawling and sparsely populated country one of the world's happiest. Canada also punches above its weight economically, with a huge $1.1 trillion GDP and per-capita that ranks among the world's highest. It also has strong health care and a low crime rate.
Source: Doctor Bingham's Blog
With a high standard of living, negligible poverty, and a broad range of public and social services, it's easy to see why Denmark tops the happiness map. There's a high level of education; public schools are top-quality and private ones are affordable. The low population gives the nation a strong sense of identity. And Denmark's physical beauty forms a great backdrop to daily life. The weather is a bit tough, though.
2. Switzerland
Smack in the middle of Europe and surrounded by picture-postcard scenery, Switzerland ranks second among the world's happiest countries. It has a low crime rate, good infrastructure, and a wealth of outdoor activities, from skiing in the Alps to boating on Lake Geneva. Home to the International Red Cross, the World Health Organization, and parts of the U.N., it's not surprising that the Swiss devote a large portion of private and public money to health care — spending an average of $3,445 per person. It's pretty peaceful, too: years of political neutrality have sheltered the Swiss from the conflicts of their neighbors.
3. Austria
Another Alpine hotbed of happiness, Austria also boasts beautiful scenery and a surprisingly rich cultural scene. Like many of the world's happiest countries, it boasts a strong health-care system, as evidenced by the long average life expectancy of its citizens. Strict environmental regulations are starting to pay dividends, says Oskar Hinteregger, of the Austrian National Tourist Office. He credits the country's happy mood to its relaxed atmosphere, efficient public transport system, and general cleanliness. Austria does have some poverty, though: nearly 6%
4. Iceland
There's more to Iceland than hot springs and Björk. The tiny country's extensive welfare system plays a big part in its citizens' happiness. The Icelandic government offers a broad range of services, such as generous housing subsidies, and with very little poverty, wealth is evenly distributed among Icelandic society. Literacy is high and unemployment, at 2.1%, is low.
5. The Bahamas
Bahamanians know how to enjoy life. “Maybe it's our 'Bahama Mamas,' our sweet sea breeze, our conch salad, and fun loving people,” suggests Kendenique Campbell-Moss, a senior executive at the Bahamas Tourism Ministry. Although the poverty rate, at 9.3%, is relatively high, the beautiful weather and laid-back lifestyle keep Bahamas' citizens smiling. Campbell-Moss also reckons the fusion of African and European cultures, strong family values, and Christianity contribute to the happy vibe in the Caribbean country.
6. Finland
It's dark and cold in the winter and has some of the highest taxes in Europe. But that doesn't get in the way of Finns' overall happiness. High quality medical care — at little to no cost — contributes to the country's high average life expectancy. The country's free educational system is one of the best, resulting in a 100% literacy rate. Poverty is rare; so too, is extreme wealth. “Our beloved government makes sure that taxes are high enough to prevent easy ways to riches,” says Jaakko Lehtonen, director-general of the Finnish Tourism Board. “Finns think a good salary is two cents higher than your neighbor's; it's enough to make you feel wealthy and subsequently, happy,” he says.
7. Sweden
Taxes are high and the winter is trying. But social equality, one of the best welfare systems in Europe, and a great work/life balance keep Swedes smiling. Parents get extensive maternity and paternity leave, and child care is heavily subsidized and available to all. Sweden also has unusually transparent government and a strong emphasis on ensuring the freedom and equality of its people. “Ordinary citizens in Sweden have the right to see the prime minister's official mail, and they often exercise that right,” notes Susanna Wallgren, of the Swedish Tourism Board.
8. Bhutan
Here's a surprise: The small Asian nation of Bhutan ranks eighth in the world, despite relatively low life expectancy, a literacy rate of just 47%, and a very low GDP per capita. Why? Researchers credit an unusually strong sense of national identity. Plus, the country has beautiful scenery and a largely unspoiled culture, thanks to strict governmental limits on tourism, development, and immigration. Pretty counterintuitive, but Bhutan seems to have found a recipe for happiness.
9. Brunei
It helps to have oil. Wealthy and politically stable, Brunei's government plays a major role in its citizens' happiness. The same family has ruled the Southeast Asian nation for more than six centuries, providing free medical services and education. Even university-level education is paid for by the government, which also subsidizes rice and housing. That ensures virtually nonexistent poverty.
10. Canada
Canada may sometimes feel overshadowed by its giant neighbor to the south, but a strong sense of national identity and abundant natural beauty help make the sprawling and sparsely populated country one of the world's happiest. Canada also punches above its weight economically, with a huge $1.1 trillion GDP and per-capita that ranks among the world's highest. It also has strong health care and a low crime rate.
Source: Doctor Bingham's Blog
Why do people commit suicide?
No healthy person wants to die.* Suicide occurs when an individual’s suffering is severe and he/she believes there is no hope for it to go away. Suicide is perceived as a way to end the suffering, like shooting an injured horse to put it out of it’s misery.
Dealing with suicide depends upon working on both aspects: restoring hope, and having a plan to stop the suffering.
Whether it’s due to "physical" pain such as spread of cancer to the spine or "emotional" pain like depression and the dysphoria (anxiety, rage, depression and despair) experienced in the borderline personality disorder, the individual is suffering severely. Efforts must be made to stop or at least markedly reduce their suffering. While much can be learned from suffering, it’s best to stop and/or prevent it - as long as the treatment(s) don’t make the individual worse. There are many ways to accomplish this goal including medication, meditation, physical and psychological therapy, spiritual perspective, etc.
Providing hope is just as crucial. Short term suffering can usually be managed as long as there is a realistic hope that the suffering will stop. Knowledge is extremely important in this regard. When the individual incorrectly believes no hope exists, the suicide risk goes up.
Psychosis - misinterpreting reality - may result in suicide attempts because the incorrect perceptions can cause severe suffering and a false belief that no hope exists.
Some people with terminal illnesses commit suicide before severe suffering starts. These individuals need reassurance that their suffering will be treated medically so the individual can enjoy the time they have left. The Hospice organization has been extremely effective with this goal. People usually need to believe there is a purpose to their life. It is a spiritual issue rather than a medical or psychiatric one. I believe strongly that everyone has enormous value, and can become a loving, purposeful individual. To me, the near death experience gives clues about what happens after we die. Most accounts show that those who have "seen the light" considered it a wonderful experience and they no longer fear death. Those who have unsuccessfully committed suicide yet also "saw the light" report it was a bad experience and the were told not to take their own life - and that the consequences for committing suicide would be great. The books "Embraced By the Light" by Betty Eadie and "Transformed by the Light" by Dr. Melvin Morse have been particularly useful in this regard for my patients and in my efforts to help with suicidal thoughts and urges.
*The exception is when an individual chooses to die because one’s life isn’t as important as something the individual believes in. This includes both heroism and a belief system that the individual’s life isn’t important.
Source: U.S. Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics, Office of the Surgeon General
Do You Know?
1) The world's highest suicide rate is in Japan, one Japanese suicides in every 15 minutes. An artical wrote by a Japanese professor of sociology KAYOKO UENO had deeply discussed Japanese cultural issue with suicide.
Suicide as Japan’s major export? A note on Japanese Suicide Culture
2) Suicide is the 8th leading cause of death in the US, nearly 31,000 deaths in 1996.
Suicide accounts for 50% more deaths than murder.
530,000 suicide attempts per year in the US.
Suicide rate up 14% among 15-24 year olds (third leading cause of death in this age group).
Suicide are among blacks doubled between 1980 and 1996.
Suicide rate for Native Americans is 50% higher than the national rate.
White men over 84 are the most likely to commit suicide.
Firearms cause most suicide deaths: 59% overall, and responsible for 96% of the suicides in the 15-24 year old age group.
Percentage of suicide deaths by age group:
a) 5-19 = 7%
b) 20-34 = 27%
c) 35-49 = 31%
d) 50-64 = 16%
e) over 64 = 19%
(sources: U.S. Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics, Office of the Surgeon General)
Suicide as Japan’s major export? A note on Japanese Suicide Culture
2) Suicide is the 8th leading cause of death in the US, nearly 31,000 deaths in 1996.
Suicide accounts for 50% more deaths than murder.
530,000 suicide attempts per year in the US.
Suicide rate up 14% among 15-24 year olds (third leading cause of death in this age group).
Suicide are among blacks doubled between 1980 and 1996.
Suicide rate for Native Americans is 50% higher than the national rate.
White men over 84 are the most likely to commit suicide.
Firearms cause most suicide deaths: 59% overall, and responsible for 96% of the suicides in the 15-24 year old age group.
Percentage of suicide deaths by age group:
a) 5-19 = 7%
b) 20-34 = 27%
c) 35-49 = 31%
d) 50-64 = 16%
e) over 64 = 19%
(sources: U.S. Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics, Office of the Surgeon General)
Suicide Memorial Video
Tracy took a gun and shot himself in the heart over a girl that he was in love with. This is his "Lifetimes Video" .
Before you think about giving up your life, please look around, there is always some one loves you, at least you should love youself!
Before you think about giving up your life, please look around, there is always some one loves you, at least you should love youself!
Tuesday, April 8, 2008
Suicide prevention
The problem
-In the year 2000, approximately one million people died from suicide: a "global" mortality rate of 16 per 100,000, or one death every 40 seconds.
-In the last 45 years suicide rates have increased by 60% worldwide. Suicide is now among the three leading causes of death among those aged 15-44 years (both sexes); these figures do not include suicide attempts up to 20 times more frequent than completed suicide.
-Suicide worldwide is estimated to represent 1.8% of the total global burden of disease in 1998, and 2.4% in countries with market and former socialist economies in 2020.
-Although traditionally suicide rates have been highest among the male elderly, rates among young people have been increasing to such an extent that they are now the group at highest risk in a third of countries, in both developed and developing countries.
-Mental disorders (particularly depression and substance abuse) are associated with more than 90% of all cases of suicide; however, suicide results from many complex sociocultural factors and is more likely to occur particularly during periods of socioeconomic, family and individual crisis situations (e.g. loss of a loved one, employment, honour).
Effective interventions
-Strategies involving restriction of access to common methods of suicide have proved to be effective in reducing suicide rates; however, there is a need to adopt multi-sectoral approaches involving other levels of intervention and activities, such as crisis centres.
-There is compelling evidence indicating that adequate prevention and treatment of depression, alcohol and substance abuse can reduce suicide rates.
-School-based interventions involving crisis management, self-esteem enhancement and the development of coping skills and healthy decision making have been demostrated to reduce the risk of suicide among the youth.
-In the year 2000, approximately one million people died from suicide: a "global" mortality rate of 16 per 100,000, or one death every 40 seconds.
-In the last 45 years suicide rates have increased by 60% worldwide. Suicide is now among the three leading causes of death among those aged 15-44 years (both sexes); these figures do not include suicide attempts up to 20 times more frequent than completed suicide.
-Suicide worldwide is estimated to represent 1.8% of the total global burden of disease in 1998, and 2.4% in countries with market and former socialist economies in 2020.
-Although traditionally suicide rates have been highest among the male elderly, rates among young people have been increasing to such an extent that they are now the group at highest risk in a third of countries, in both developed and developing countries.
-Mental disorders (particularly depression and substance abuse) are associated with more than 90% of all cases of suicide; however, suicide results from many complex sociocultural factors and is more likely to occur particularly during periods of socioeconomic, family and individual crisis situations (e.g. loss of a loved one, employment, honour).
Effective interventions
-Strategies involving restriction of access to common methods of suicide have proved to be effective in reducing suicide rates; however, there is a need to adopt multi-sectoral approaches involving other levels of intervention and activities, such as crisis centres.
-There is compelling evidence indicating that adequate prevention and treatment of depression, alcohol and substance abuse can reduce suicide rates.
-School-based interventions involving crisis management, self-esteem enhancement and the development of coping skills and healthy decision making have been demostrated to reduce the risk of suicide among the youth.
Challenges and obstacle
-Worldwide, the prevention of suicide has not been adequately addressed due to basically a lack of awareness of suicide as a major problem and the taboo in many societies to discuss openly about it. In fact, only a few countries have included prevention of suicide among their priorities.
-Reliability of suicide certification and reporting is an issue in great need of improvement.
-It is clear that suicide prevention requires intervention also from outside the health sector and calls for an innovative, comprehensive multi-sectoral approach, including both health and non-health sectors, e.g. education, labour, police, justice, religion, law, politics, the media.
World Health Organization - Suicide prevention http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/
Suicide Hot-line Numbers, Why Call and Who You Will Be Talking To
If you are contemplating suicide, wait and call a suicide hotline number:
2 Nationwide numbers are:
1-800-Suicide
1-800-273-Talk
They are Toll-Free and available 24 hours and 7 days a week.
Or Local numbers in New York City:
(212) 673 3000
(212) 532 2400
(Phone numbers attained from http://suicidehotlines.com/newyork.html)
Various People are available to talk to:
Imperfect humans who really want to help you
Many of them are volunteers
They may have different experiences with depression
some may have depressive family members
some may have had a previous family suicide
some may have no personal experience but just want to help
Education and training levels will differ
some may be training to become a doctor or other professional in the field
many or most will have had special training or certification
All of them are there because they really don't want you to commit suicide
(Information from http://suicide.com/suicidecrisiscenter/whattoexpect.html)
Some Reasons to call:
Sometimes it's hard to admit...
that we need other people.
Sometimes depression & suicidal thoughts contain a component of upset & anger towards the world & the people in it.
But the truth is, nothing can really substitute for human contact - we do need people.
The truth is, just talking to someone, explaining, sharing, venting, being listened to, can often give us a temporary reprieve.
Talking to someone can temporarily change your perspective - Human contact changes the brain chemistry & opens that emotion "pod" of pent up emotions for temporary relief - and it may not be what they say, but just the exchange of emotions like empathy, compassion, & concern.
Will they cure us - no.
Will they take the pain away ?
Maybe ease it for a little while.
Even if you know you may be upset or suicidal again soon, just give it a try.
Even though non-depressive humans won't really know exactly how you feel --
Let them try to help the best they can.
Talk to them, let them listen.
Most of them are not even getting paid.
The only reason they are there is for you.
They may not always say the exact right thing, but they are hoping that somehow they can help you make it through a difficult night, to live & fight another day.
It doesn't have to be a
one time only call.
(Information from http://suicide.com/suicidecrisiscenter/whycall.html)
2 Nationwide numbers are:
1-800-Suicide
1-800-273-Talk
They are Toll-Free and available 24 hours and 7 days a week.
Or Local numbers in New York City:
(212) 673 3000
(212) 532 2400
(Phone numbers attained from http://suicidehotlines.com/newyork.html)
Various People are available to talk to:
Imperfect humans who really want to help you
Many of them are volunteers
They may have different experiences with depression
some may have depressive family members
some may have had a previous family suicide
some may have no personal experience but just want to help
Education and training levels will differ
some may be training to become a doctor or other professional in the field
many or most will have had special training or certification
All of them are there because they really don't want you to commit suicide
(Information from http://suicide.com/suicidecrisiscenter/whattoexpect.html)
Some Reasons to call:
Sometimes it's hard to admit...
that we need other people.
Sometimes depression & suicidal thoughts contain a component of upset & anger towards the world & the people in it.
But the truth is, nothing can really substitute for human contact - we do need people.
The truth is, just talking to someone, explaining, sharing, venting, being listened to, can often give us a temporary reprieve.
Talking to someone can temporarily change your perspective - Human contact changes the brain chemistry & opens that emotion "pod" of pent up emotions for temporary relief - and it may not be what they say, but just the exchange of emotions like empathy, compassion, & concern.
Will they cure us - no.
Will they take the pain away ?
Maybe ease it for a little while.
Even if you know you may be upset or suicidal again soon, just give it a try.
Even though non-depressive humans won't really know exactly how you feel --
Let them try to help the best they can.
Talk to them, let them listen.
Most of them are not even getting paid.
The only reason they are there is for you.
They may not always say the exact right thing, but they are hoping that somehow they can help you make it through a difficult night, to live & fight another day.
It doesn't have to be a
one time only call.
(Information from http://suicide.com/suicidecrisiscenter/whycall.html)
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